Discuss methods for mitigating challenges encountered in the classroom Essay

Discuss methods for mitigating challenges encountered in the classroom given that some students argon fixing English as a second and third language - Essay Examplespeaking backgrounds at English schools (Candlin & Mercer, 2001). For recent arrivals, the educational experiences they have had in their country provoke play an important role in determining their success at school in England. The extent of formal schooling and the level reached previous to their migration leave alone determine their familiarity with learning in an academic situation. Also, overseas- educated parents of English-born EAL students will have expectations of schooling shaped by their learning experiences (Lipjakova, 2003). Parental expectations will not needs match those of teachers in schools, and so there may by different attitudes towards discipline, curriculum content (including extra-curricular activities) as soundly as the nature and extent of enatic involvement (Harding & Riley, 1986). The way in which the school responds to these differences will significantly affect both parent and learner attitudes to the school and ultimately the EAL students progress. Also, research indicates that competence in English is related to the level of competence in a learners first language Children with greater proficiency in L1 appear to learn L2 more(prenominal) easily (Cummins, 1984, p. 136). In the past, EAL students were encouraged abandon their first language and to use English as much as possible. Today it is much more widely appreciated that well-developed proficiency in the first language is a positive advantage in learning a second language. It is also now seen that it is very important to maintain and develop the first language for a number of other crucial reasons, including the maintenance of family, peer and community relationships, as well as continued cognitive development and growth in self-esteem and identity of the individual EAL student.Hence, it is critical to recognis e what knowledge is needed by ESL students, and what are the most effective strategies for meeting thee needs. A childs self-concept, their

Rosetta Stone Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rosetta Stone - Research Paper ExampleOne of the key features astir(predicate) the Rosetta stone is its name. The name is currently commonly confused with one of the quickest growing educational blogs. The blog was named after the rock since it serves the same role the Rosetta stone played for archeologists and the world, which was the deciphering of the hieroglyphs. Jean-Franois Champollion was the archeologist who was able to decipher the meaning of the hieroglyphs. Champollion had a erect understanding of the Greek language and had expansive knowledge and comprehension of Coptic. With an understanding of Coptic script and Greek, Champollion was able to decipher the hieroglyphs.Another interesting aspect about the Rosetta stone is its naming. The rock, which is believed to be made of granodiorite, is named after the town in which it was discovered. However, the Town was not know as Rosetta but rather is historically and geographically known as Rashid. However, the English transla tion of Rashid is Rosetta. Conventionally, the importance of the Rosetta stone, other than its contribution to the deciphering the hieroglyphs in 1822 is still not clearly known. However, several propositions of its roles have been from the translation of the hieroglyphs. The rock was reveal by Napoleons soldiers when they were digging foundations in el-Rashid, which is commonly referred to as RosettaThe Rosetta stone is believed to have been issued in 196 BC in Memphis, Egypt. The stone was developed as a decree on behalf of King Ptolemy V. The stone is believed to have been written in three scripts for it to be easily read by priests, government officials and rulers of Egypt. Presumably, individually of these groups used a different script in their literature. The current level of knowledge of deciphering argues that the stele was erected to assert the beginning of a new reign a divine cult (Sandborn & Sandborn 110). The stone is one of the few historical

Biochemistry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Biochemistry - Essay ExampleThe conversion of glucose to glycogen, a routine of energy storage, is achieved by a anatomy of enzymes, the absence or deficiency of which leads to the GSDs resulting in inborn errors of glycogen metabolism. These disorders arise due to deficiency of enzymes involved in the glyconeogenesis or due to abnormal carrying into action of the glycogen breakdown enzymes.GSDs are categorized based on the type enzyme deficiency and the tissue affected. The systems involved in glycogen synthesis disorders are the coloured and muscle, which are the primary sites of energy storage.GSD Type IV, also known as amylopectinosis, is usually fatal and leads to death by age 4. Some of the clinical symptoms hold hepatomegaly, failure to thrive, splenomegaly, cirrhosis and lumbar lordosis.Type IV disorder arises due to deficiency of the glycogen branching enzyme amylo-1,4-1,6 transglucosidase, which leads to the formation of abnormally structured glycogen, having amylase molecules with low solubility, stellar(a) to glycogen precipitation in the liver, the heart and other tissues. The condition ultimately leads to early death (Ozen, 2541-53).Type I diabetic patients who are erroneously incontrovertible too high of an insulin dose in their insulin regimen can present liver disease symptoms similar to those presented in glycogen storage diseases. Explain the biochemical basis for this finding.One of the master(prenominal) functions of insulin is glycogen syn... Insulin regulates the amount of glucose absorbed or released from the cell. The glucose absorbed from the blood is stored in the form of glycogen in the liver. One of the important functions of insulin is glycogen synthesis, brought about by activating the enzyme hexokinase. This in turn, phosphorylates glucose, thus, trapping it within the cell, in the form of energy. Insulin also inhibit the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase and activates phosphofructokinase and glycogen synthase, thus dow er the hepatocytes to havest excess glucose in the form of glycogen. But, in the absense of insulin, as in case of type 1 diabetes, glucose circulation in the blood increases and the cells fail to harvest it for energy. In the absence of energy the cells activate the enzymes involved in the breakdown of glycogen (glycogenolysis).Under the conditions of cell starvation triggered by lack of insulin, glucagon, a counter regulatory hormone,is activated, which, again stimulates the process of glycogenolysis in hepatocytes, thus releasing energy. When insulin is administered from an outside source, in excess, (eg injections), insulin activates the formation of glycogen from glucose and inhibition glycogenolysis. Therefore, in presence of excess insulin, there is a surplus turnout of glycogen, similar to that of glycogen storage disorders. Also, there is inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate, similar to deficiency of the same as in glycogen storage disorders (Bowen).3.Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that colonizes the amphetamine gastrointestinal tract in humans and is the causative agent of chronic gastritis, ulcers, and possibly gastric cancer. Knowledge of the intermediary metabolism of this organism would be cooperative in developing effective drug

Non profit mangement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Non profit mangement - Essay ExampleHowever, a close look and in-depth analysis of successful NPOs can help illumine sympathy on the mystery behind the success of NPOs.One of the most popular and well established NPO is Oxfam. Oxfam is an international organisation that w as funded in 1942 by a group consisting of Quakers, Oxford academics and social activists in Oxford. This founding group later came to be known as Oxfam Great Britain, being based in Oxford, Oxfordshire, up to the moment. The success of Oxfam as an NPO is underscored by it comprising 17 organisations that work in more than 93 countries. The main agenda of Oxfam is poverty eradication, advocacy, disaster relief and management and policy research. Again, as if Oxfams robust size is not enough, Oxfam has about 5,960 employees and several fully fledged affiliates such as Oxford Great Britain (GB), Oxfam Canada, Oxfam Ireland, Oxfam America, Oxfam Quebec, Oxfam Novib (based in Netherlands), Oxfam Australia, Oxfam France , Oxfam Belgium, Oxfam Hong Kong, Oxfam Germany and Oxfam India.The fact that Oxfam has been in operation since 1942, is widely distributed in the world, has several strong affiliates and a large number of employees bespeak strong organisational and management acumen, particularly when the fact that the organisation does not exist for profit. Thus, the main point of this discourse is to review, analyse and evaluate the strategic positioning and operational tactics of an identified non-profit organisation (Oxfam) so as to shanghai understanding on how NPOs are managed and their operational systems executed. This is done in light of Oxfams general strategic positioning and direction as a strong and not a particular activity or function.A very salient part of NPOs operations is monetary organisation and strategy. One of the important facets of financial management for NPOs is the identification of sources of finance. This aspect of financial management is important so that the

AP English Language and Composition-Timed Writting Essay

AP English Language and Composition-Timed Writting - Essay Examplelicy whose implementation was intended to keep on power usage and practiced by countries such as United States, Britain, France, Israel, Mexico, New Zealand and other countries (Source C). Its expanded use however believed to have other benefits in other areas such as traffic safety and crime reduction (Source A)According to a landing field made by U.S. Department of Transportation in the 1970s, DST reduces Americas electricity usage by about one percent daily when the DST is in effect for an eight month period (Source C). This resoluteness is replicated in other countries that also practice DST. It was also observed by the same study that crime rate was reduced by as much(prenominal) as 10 to 13 percent when DST was in effect attributing to the fact that the extended daylight decreases the opportunity for crimes against those people who are returning from work (Source C). chew over also showed that traffic accide nts were reduced when DST is in effect (Source C).Daily Savings Time policy intent of saving electricity consumption however is not without its share of detractors. There are also several sectors that opposed its implementation among them was the airline industry who believed that the extension of DST from a uniform six months to eight months would energise problems in airlines schedules that would incur them millions of dollars in losses. The perceived benefit of saving electricty consumption through the implementation of DST was also challenged by another study that reported that contrary to the policys intent, DST in fact increases the use of electricy consumption for about one percent and there are even instances during communicate that the increase rose between 2 and 4 percent (Source Kotchen). The expanded benefit of DST of crime reduction and traffic safety was also attempted to be offset by the study that reported that DST can cause sleep disruptions and possibly other ser ious consequences (Source E).These findings however are not that conclusive

How does al etihad company benefit from the employment from overseas Research Proposal

How does al etihad comp either benefit from the employment from overseas graduates - Research Proposal Exampleal., 2013). Subsequently, the proposed study will encourage identifying how the company will be benefitted from recruiting skilled and talented graduates of the overseas labour market. This outcome of the proposed study will be crucial in determining a wear out set of workforce that can contribute towards the sustainable existence of the overall business (Gold Bars Worldwide, 2013).A better understanding of the research guinea pig can be gained from the brief analysis of secondary sources. As per Chandramohan (2008), HRM ensures proper and fertile management of the resources in businesses, deemed as the most vital assets required for the sustainability of any organisation (Chandramohan, 2008). Correspondingly, Sims (2012) argued that proper HRM ultimately leads to business success since well-managed employees work efficiently and with utmost productivity towards attaining the business goals. However, prior to the application of the HRM principles, effective recruitment of productive members is important to build an effective set of workforce (Dowling & et. al., 2008). As per the report of CBI (2013), employing graduates from overseas markets not only enhances workplace diversity but also helps companies in the global markets to tackle cultural differences amid customers in an efficient manner. It is through this mechanism that by recruiting skilled and education candidates from numerous regions, companies can ensure compliance with the new-fangled day challenges of diversity and continuous changes (CBI, 2013). As per the study of Hoo & et. al. (2009), in the presence of graduates from the overseas markets, companies are able to better exploit the potentials of the overseas markets and gain better share in the international markets (Hoo & et. al., 2009). Besides, as Al Etihad is among the fastest growing players in Gold and Silver refinery industrie s, the company requires highly skilled and technically extend employees, capable of dealing with such on-the-job

Political Philosophy and Machiavelli Essay Example for Free

Political Philosophy and Machiavelli EssayAnd if all men were good, this teaching would non be good scarce because they atomic number 18 wicked and do not observe faith with you, you also do not have to observe it with them (69). Niccolo Machiavellis The Prince is arguably the well-nigh famous and controversial political science book of all time. Many think of Machiavelli as synonymous with sinister. The father of the idea that the ends will always discharge the means, the term Machiavellian has become connected with selfish, brutal, or immoral actions. Machiavelli has long been associated with totalitarianism, conquest, and tyranny. But is this label deserved? Is The Prince a book that expresses evil? Many press that Machiavelli is not a teacher of evil, but bases his teachings on a pragmatic realism that has long been a part of politics. He would certainly not be the first to have much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) a view, and he is certainly not the last. In promoting his realistic view of power and politics, Machiavelli does not teach evil, instead, he uses want and practicality as the criteria in which his thought is based on.In this way we see that he does not put the matter of good or evil as a priority in his actions, but uses practical methods to make his choice in each instance as to what is needed and beneficial. Through the exploration of the root for Machiavellis treatment of ethics and his agenda for writing The Prince we see that his teachings are not evil, but based on political pragmatism and necessity. He himself makes it clear as he advises the Prince on how to be able to do what is indispensable whether it is good or evil.And so he needs to have a spirit to transfigure as the winds of part and variations of things commanded him, and as I said above, not depart from good, when possible, but know how to enter into evil, when forced by necessity (70). Machiavelli treats morality and concern not as guides f or a Prince, but as tools to use for political gain. In this way we see that Machiavelli is not preaching evil, which would be to encourage the diametrical of virtue and morality, but to use them in different ways depending on the situation. Virtue is a key concept when discussing moral living and actions, and vice is the black eye of virtue.The concepts of virtue and vice are age-old ideas ingrained within human society. But the traditional view of virtue and vice, laid out by such(prenominal) thinkers as Aristotle and Plato, is changed to fit the pursuit of power in Machiavellians The Prince. Classic virtue comes from a criterion based on just and beneficial interaction, while move an end, within a civil society. This interaction can involve the daze of an individual on another individual, a citizen and a state, or even an impact an individual has upon himself.Thus a man who sacrifices his life to save his friend, city, or beliefs is thought of as virtuous. On the other hand the reciprocal of this action would be vice, a man who sacrifices his friend, city or beliefs to preserve his life may be viewed as possessing a vice. Virtue finds its anchor in morality and ethics, and upholds that, it is rivet on preserving qualities like justice and harmony. The change in the Machiavellian code of morality comes as a result as result of an total pillow slip in what the foundation of this morality is built on, namely the ends being pursued.The Machiavellian concept of virtue not unless divorces virtue completely from its ethical foundation, but places it on a foundation of ability to execute what is necessary in order to achieve what is desired. In this depicted object what is desired is power, which is to be strictly retained and used to achieve glorious ends, whatever they may be. From this foundation of the pursuit and maintenance of power comes the Machiavellian outlook on everything else, and is the source in which he is able to separate ethics from po litics.Morality in its sheer sense datum would only serve to get in the way of power and prudence it creates unnecessary dilemmas between what is politically necessary and morally correct, interfering with being a wise ruler. Therefore the Prince must take the necessary actions regardless of their moral ramifications. ? If wiz considers everything well, cardinal will find something that appears to be virtue, which if pursued would be ones ruin, and something else appears to be vice, which if pursued results in ones security and well-being (62).Machiavelli removes the foundation of prudence and virtue from morality, and reinterprets them in regards to necessity and power. Correct policy within The Prince is based on the Machiavellian conception of virtue and prudence. Stemming from this, Machiavelli at times refers to virtue and prudence in their classical definitions, pertaining to gamy morality, and just actions. But at other times in The Prince, he refers to them as directly pertaining to the proper execution of power. For example he practically compares a rulers success, not morality, with virtue.No matter how brutal the ruler, if he is able to hold power well then he is virtuous. Prudence is thought of as being careful, observant and logical in the classical sense. But Machiavelli uses it to describe a ruler who is very sharp, decisive, and makes the correct choices. A prudent lord, and then, cannot observe faith, nor should he, when such observance turns against him, and causes that made him promise have been eliminated (69). It therefore would be prudent for a ruler to massacre a rebellion, if it meant the net preservation of power.In this case necessity calls for action, even if those actions go against classical morality. A ruler, who has correct judgment and knows what is the best course of action, would take the proper measures to stop the rebellion and pay no attention to the morality of his actions. The ends in this case change the concept ion of the codes in which the means are to be judged by no longer is the end such universally beneficial ideas of peace and justice, but power and conquest. Virtue and prudence to Machiavelli hold meaning only in the sense of ability and accomplishment.To Machiavelli cunning would be a virtue, as would decisiveness while wielding power. A vice for a ruler would be stupidity, or ignorance of ones own subjects. Something that is virtuous in the classical sense would only be followed if it were deemed compatible with the situation, and did not in anyway undermine the ends being pursued. The Machiavellian view is based on and around a realism seen in politics and history, and is amoral. The entire intent of the book was to write a pragmatic and realistic approach to dealing with power, not a lesson in high virtue and morality.He states, But since my intent is to write something useful to whoever understands it, it has appeared to me more fitting to go directly to the effectual truth of the thing than to the imagination of it (61). He finds that necessity is what guides most actions. ? Because men will always turn out bad for you unless they have been made good by a necessity(95). A legions training manual written on the best way to execute killing would not go into a debate on whether or not killing is right or wrong.The manual would be almost amoral and not go into the debate, those who have already settled that debate in their minds would read it, and the identical follows for The Prince. One should not associate the teachings of The Prince as something that Machiavelli himself feels is moral, just and proper, but rather what history has shown to be the ideal and efficient way to handle power. Survivor in the political world creates certain necessities, and forces individuals to undertake certain actions in order to ensure success.? for it is so far from how one lives to how one should live that he who lets go of what is done for what should be done learns his ruin rather than his preservation (61). The purpose of The Prince is not a guide to being a moral Prince, but how to erect by necessity and pragmatism. Just as a purpose of the contend manual would not be the ethics of killing. The manual would not debate war as a just or unjust means to an end, but instead would accept it as reality, and try to approach it with the same harsh reality.In fact the entire purpose of The Prince was to serve as a guide to restore Italy to greatness, a path that can only be achieved by power. He uses examples from throughout history of rulers who acted successfully when faced with a situation, drawing from these examples he shows the correct actions that a Prince should follow. There is no room for being a virtuous and honest ruler, as it will be at odds with the reality of political life. Because he uses realistic examples from history, we see his true pragmatic nature his ultimate goal is the achievement of his ends, not the correct actions.Machiave lli uses the actions of past rulers whether or not they are just, as long as they prove successful for the ends being pursued. Machiavelli himself states that he has taken a realist approach, and outlines the resolve as to why he has taken this approach, as being necessary and efficient. If one were to examine the way in which Machiavelli looks towards allowing immunity towards his subjects, or the treatment of honesty toward his subjects, one would conclude that Machiavelli himself was not in favor of these things.It would be a mistake to reach this conclusion, it is not so much that he is against freedom or truth, but he realizes that these things will damage and undermine ones power the goal and focus of The Prince. For a man who wants to make a profession of good in all regards must come to ruin among so many who are not good (61). Machiavelli is not favoring things that we would view as brutality, deception and in many cases evil instead he is using them as tools in an act t o obtain what he desires. Machiavelli spends much time on the behavior that a Prince should follow in order to be successful.Although Machiavelli goes through many different traits and practices a ruler should follow, the two that he deems very necessary are to be loved and to be feared. Machiavelli stresses that a ruler should seek to be loved, but above all make sure that he is not hated, because if he is hated it will ultimately be his undoing. This follows the Machiavellian line of pragmatism and necessity it is not motivated by a lust for evil or deceit, but is something that many people who are appalled by his amorality would agree with.If Machiavelli were a teacher of evil he would never make such a statement. A leader who is feared will ultimately deter any action against him by his ability to control the actions of the people with his fear. . Morality will only serve to hamper a princes abilities. This has to be understood that a prince, especially a new prince, cannot obse rve all those things for which a men are held good, since he is often under a necessity, to keep open his state, of acting against faith, against charity, against humanity, against religion.And so he needs to have a spirit disposed to change as the winds of fortune an variations of things command him? (70). The most efficient way to deal with a problem is usually not the moral way, and Machiavelli time and time again points to this as the reason in which he chooses the path he does. His book is not for idealists, and as he states idealists rarely accomplish what they want. His book is for the guidance of a Prince towards power, and the ability to maintain that power. All of these things follow the strict Machiavellian criteria of necessity for power.Whether these things are good or evil in our eyes is not the topic of discussion for Machiavelli, therefore it does not concern him, what he seeks is the necessary actions to gain and maintain power. Hence it is necessary to a prince, if he wants to maintain himself, to learn to be able not to be good, and to use this and not use it according to necessity (61). This doctrine of pragmatism within The Prince was not invented by Machiavelli, one can look at it as merely an expression of the practical political ideas of his time, and perhaps forever.We see that Machiavelli puts forth an ethics of political convenience. It does not hold to or allow itself to be hampered by morality, virtue, or Christian values, but allows them only when opportune and beneficial. The Princes doctrine supports actions including murder, deceit, and betrayal given that the Prince will benefit from it. The ethics found within Machiavelli is all in all based upon a realistic outlook upon the political world and caters to political convenience. To Machiavelli this moral code of convenience and pragmatism is a political necessity.He states that when it is politically necessary to act in accordance with a vice then one must do so in the intere st of power. And furthermore one should not care about incurring the fame of those vices without which it is difficult to save ones state? (62). He holds that the world will swallow up idealists, and that it is unrealistic to expect person to exercise morality when dealing with a political situation, or their enemies. Through the exploration of the basis for Machiavellis treatment of ethics and his agenda for writing The Prince we see that his teachings are not evil, but based on political pragmatism and necessity.Machiavelli treats morality and prudence not as guides for a Prince, but as tools to use for political gain. By removing the foundation of prudence and virtue from morality, he reinterprets them in regards to necessity and power. The amoral Machiavellian view centers on a realism seen in politics and history. The entire purpose of The Prince is not a guide to being a morally, but a guide to necessity and pragmatism. This doctrine of pragmatism within The Prince was not in vented by Machiavelli, but used masterfully by him to craft a powerful instructional book on power.The concept of morality is not attacked or propel away, but put aside and only referred to or used when necessary. In the real world few will be honest, or moral, so it becomes necessary for one to also set these things aside as it will conflict with ones ends. This is the reality of politics and Machiavelli recognizes this and refers to it many times in the book as the reason to why he chooses the path he does and not out of evil or some wish for deceitful actions. Political reality deems his method necessary, consequently it is a realistic and pragmatic way to approach the subject.